Eco-friendly biodegradable materials for wearable device applications

The increasing demand for wearable devices has amplified the need for sustainable materials that balance functionality with environmental responsibility. Eco-friendly biodegradable materials have emerged as a promising solution, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional materials that contribute to electronic waste. These materials, derived from natural sources such as cellulose, chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), and silk, or synthesized through green processes, possess unique properties like flexibility, biocompatibility, and degradability, making them ideal for wearable applications. This article explores the design, development, and integration of biodegradable materials into wearable devices, focusing on their mechanical, electrical, and environmental performance. Key applications include wearable sensors for health monitoring, flexible electronics, and transient devices designed to degrade after use, minimizing ecological impact. Advances in material science have further enabled the incorporation of functional additives, such as conductive polymers, carbon-based fillers, and bio-inks, to enhance the electrical and mechanical properties of these materials. Despite their potential, challenges remain in optimizing the durability, scalability, and cost-effectiveness of biodegradable materials for widespread use. This article highlights recent progress, discusses limitations, and outlines future directions in developing eco-friendly biodegradable materials, emphasizing their transformative role in creating sustainable wearable technologies that align with global efforts to reduce electronic waste and environmental pollution.