The association between BRCA1 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer in Sudan

Background: In Sudan, prostate cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer among men. The most prevalent genetic variants are single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which may be associated with a number of cancers due to their role in DNA repair genes. Carriers of the BRCA1 mutation had 1.8 times the risk of prostate cancer compared to the general population. Material and method: A prospective case-control study was conducted during 2020 to 2023 at National Cancer Institute, Gezira University to evaluate the relationship between BRCA1 rs1799950 A > G polymorphism and the risk of prostate cancer. Known prostate cancer patients who had their diagnosis confirmed by histopathology were selected for the study and eighty-one healthy individuals with mean age of 67.93±8.13 and no history of any type of cancer were selected as control group. SNP stat online, a web-based application programmed, was utilized to assess the role of the mutation under various genetic models, and statistics package for social sciences version (21) was employed to analyse the sociodemographic and clinical aspects of the study patients. Results: No significant association of the study mutation with prostate cancer was observed among study subjects. P (0.412, 0.553, 0.536, 0.012, 0.521, 0.491, 0.694, 0.823, 0.334, and 0.241). Furthermore, no association was observed when justified with other patient’s characteristics. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, the study suggests BRCA1 polymorphisms may be crucial in cancer a etiology, but there is no conclusive evidence linking BRCA1 rs1799950 gene polymorphisms with Sudanese prostate cancer.