Introduction : In Niger, as in the majority of countries south of the Sahara, malaria remains the major endemic disease and the first cause of morbidity and mortality in the most vulnerable groups, particularly children under 5 years of age. The objective of the study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of children aged 0-59 months who died of severe malaria in the paediatric wards of the national hospital of Niamey. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a five-year period (1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020). Data were collected by non-probability sampling for convenience with exhaustive selection of all children's records meeting the selection criteria. The collected data were entered and analysed using SPSS version 23.0 software. Results: A total of 131 children died of severe malaria during the study period. The mean age of the deceased children was 28.18 (±16.86) months with extremes ranging from 1 to 59 months. Children who were less than or equal to 30 months of age were most affected in 57.30% of cases. The sex ratio was in favour of males in 59.50% of cases. The majority of the children (52.70%) came from an urban environment and 71.80% of the parents of the deceased children had a low socio-economic level. Clinically, 89.30% were referred to the national hospital by another health facility. The predominant signs of seriousness were lethargy (71.0%), altered consciousness (71%), severe pallor (57.30%) and convulsion (48.10%). The most frequent clinical forms observed in the deceased children were neurological malaria (41.20%), anaemia (28.20%), and mixed malaria (11.40%). On the therapeutic plan. Conclusion: Severe malaria is a public health priority in Niger and remains the leading cause of hospitalisation in the national hospital of Niamey with a lethality of 4%. A reinforcement of the technical platform, as well as preventive measures are necessary to reduce the death rate related to severe malaria in paediatric services.
Epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutical profile of children who died of severe malaria in the national hospital of niamey
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