Facteur linguistique et comportement électoral en République Démocratique du Congo (Regard sur les élections de 1957, 1960, 1964, 2006, 2011 et 2018 dans la ville de lubumbashi)

The peculiarity of the DRC in the organization of elections and, since the year 1957 until today (1957, 1959, 1960, 1964, 2006, 2011 and 2018), is the influence of the linguistic factor (considered here as tribalism, regionalism or ethnicism) which characterizes the electoral behavior of the Congolese. The ethnic dimension linked to a linguistic affiliation, played more than social projects during the presidential elections. These realities in the Congolese political dynamics allow us to confirm that the Congolese people are more attached to considerations of a tribal, linguistic, etc. order. This is how the 2006, 2011 and 2018 elections demonstrated that voters were more driven by tribal feeling in the broad sense of the term (super-tribalism) and this, especially during presidential elections. Thus, we will content ourselves with the elections of 1957 and 1960, the legislative elections of 1964 and those of the Third Republic. These periods mentioned above lead us to subdivide this study into three points, namely: the elections of the period before independence (1957, 1959) (A), the elections after independence (1960 and 1964 ) (B) and, finally, the 2006, 2011 and 2018 elections in the city of Lubumbashi.