Human knowledge from the perspective of the new paradigm

The evolution of science in the last 200 years has known two major stages, marked by two reference paradigms. The first paradigm: - positivism, a paradigm that recognizes to be scientific, only what can be measured and determined quantitatively and repeated in laboratory conditions. Western thought has long dominated many authors, examining the preeminence of the principles of quantity in industrialization, the blind trust in statistics, the tendency to simplify things to the extreme, the hatred for hidden things, excessive rationalism, seeing in this age of quantity the signs of spiritual decadence. grinds the West. But a world that can be explained is a known world. Instead, in a universe devoid of illusions and light, Man feels alien. Science today is no longer a classical knowledge, the narrative of a new alliance can be deciphered. Far from excluding it from the world it describes, science once again raises the issue of man's belonging to this world, the need to know the hidden side of things. The twentieth century witnessed a rare event: a global paradigm shift. The aim of this paper is to highlight the superiority of the paradigm based on morphological theories (catastrophes, fractals), quantum theory, in the knowledge of man and society, the advantages that this paradigm brings from the perspective of developing predictions on human behavior, prevention risk situations, using Catastrophic Man and Fractal Man as a prototype, and as a methodology reveal the differences between closed and open systems and far from equilibrium. In the context of this article, we propose, as a tool of knowledge, personality typologies based on morphological theories: the catastrophic man and the fractal man.