Utilizing advanced bioinformatics techniques to develop a genetic and epigenetic understanding of Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis has been a chronic and inflammatory condition. This chronic skin condition has been linked to future atopic-associated conditions such as asthma, allergic rhino-conjunctivitis, and food allergy. The mutated FLG along with Interleukin genes has been considered as a causative factor in AD pathology. Bioinformatics technologies have revolutionized the study of AD, providing crucial insights into its molecular complexities. The review has navigated the key studies, focusing on methodologies from identifying Differential Expression Genes (DEGs) to applying Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), Microarray analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) studies, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network. In the healthcare field, advancements in AD treatment options, including biologics such as Dupilumab, Tralokinumab, and Janus Kinase Inhibitors, signify a fundamental shift towards more targeted and effective approaches for AD treatment. Challenges persist in AD research, requiring a deeper understanding of the correlation between genetic and environmental factors, identification of specific biomarkers, and comprehension of immune cell infiltration. For addressing these challenges, the integration of emerging technologies like machine learning, personalized treatment strategies and multi-omics offer promising results. It is important to further navigate the specific genes associated with AD pathogenesis and bioinformatics tools to find better and more advanced treatment for the skin disease.