Governance and armed conflicts in the commune of bourem. Analysis of resilience aspects through the frame assessment tool

The Malian crisis is regularly interpreted in a binary way: a fight against Sahelian terrorism and the challenge of building the state capacities necessary to counter this threat and to manage the resulting instability. There is little doubt that the 2012 crisis was primarily a crisis of state legitimacy because poor governance and social injustice reached their climax in northern Mali. Consequently, non-state armed groups become actors of local governance and take part in a violent competition between various forms of governance on the territories they control. The chronic inability of the Malian State to ensure its presence and its authority in the northern regions of the country to bring the populations to find their endogenous solutions in the face of jihadist groups which impose themselves as actors of local governance. The objective of this study is to identify the factors of fragility and resilience of the population of Bourem through the FRAMe tool. FRAME, called (Fragility-Resilience Assessment Methodology) is an assessment tool to analyze the resilience of a local governance system. The assessment highlights strengths, aspects of resilience and areas that can be strengthened. It also makes it possible to design strategies to better carry out activities that meet the needs of the community, and to strengthen the inclusiveness and social cohesion of the community to make it more resilient. It has the following eight (8) dimensions: (leadership, administrative management, fiscal management, delivery of public services, civic participation, security environment, justice and the rule of law and economic foundations). In addition to the dimensions, there are also seven (7) factors which are: inclusion, decentralization, social cohesion, performance, civic infrastructure, confidence, legitimacy of the system. Based on the surveys conducted and the qualitative analysis of the data, civic participation, delivery of public services, tax management, administrative management and leadership are the factors most contributing to the resilience of this municipality. On the other hand, justice and the rule of law, the security environment, and the economic foundations are the factors that contribute to weakening the local governance system of the commune of Bourem.